Resources / Technical Targets
GIHF compiles technical targets from authoritative public sources and reports the definitions, assumptions, and conditions associated with each value, consistent with its scientific and educational nonprofit mission. This Explorer presents targets using their original units, currencies, target years, and terminology. Because applications, system boundaries, test conditions, and measurement bases may differ, values are accompanied by source documentation and explanatory notes to support appropriate interpretation. Targets that share a metric name may not be directly comparable.
Technical targets are intended to guide the R&D community and may address performance at the system, stack, cell, component, or material level. In many cases, targets are interdependent and must be met simultaneously. For example, reducing cost should not compromise efficiency or durability.
"Reported Status" values may be included when available from authoritative sources but may be based on different technology and manufacturing readiness levels and are not comparable. GIHF plans to review and update the Explorer periodically as targets are revised and new authoritative information becomes available.
GIHF organizes and displays published source information. GIHF does not endorse, certify, or rank individual targets or programs. This Explorer is intended to improve transparency and technical understanding and reflects information available at the time of posting. Users should consult the original sources for updates, definitions, assumptions, and additional details.
Technology / Application
Additional technologies and applications forthcoming.
Regions are listed alphabetically. An em dash (—) indicates that a value for the metric was not included in the source documentation at the time of posting.
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Targets defined at the electrolyzer system level. System boundaries and cost inclusions differ among sources.
Unit: kWh/kg H₂ (% LHV)
Reported status
EU (CH JU) 2020: 55 (61%)
Japan (NEDO) 2025: 4.68 kWh/Nm³ (~52.1 kWh/kg H₂)
US (DOE) 2022: 55 (61%)
Unit: native currency/kW
Reported status
EU (CH JU) 2020: EUR 900/kW
Japan (NEDO) 2025: JPY 400,000/kW
US (DOE) 2022: USD 1,000/kW
Unit: years
Reported status
Japan (NEDO) 2025: 20 years
Targets defined at the stack or cell level, including performance, durability, and material loading.
Unit: A/cm² @ V/cell
Reported status
EU (CH JU) 2020: 2.2 A/cm²
Japan (NEDO) 2025: 2.0 A/cm² @ 1.82 V
US (DOE) 2022: 2.0 A/cm² @ 1.9 V
Unit: hours
Reported status
Japan (NEDO) 2025: 40,000 h (steady)
US (DOE) 2022: 40,000 h
Unit: source units/1,000 h
Reported status
EU (CH JU) 2020: 0.19%/1,000 h
US (DOE) 2022: 4.8 mV/1,000 h (0.25%/1,000 h)
Unit: mg/cm²
Reported status
Japan (NEDO) 2025 — Ir, catalyst layer: 0.4 mg/cm²
Japan (NEDO) 2025 — Pt, catalyst layer: 0.4–1.0 mg/cm²
Japan (NEDO) 2025 — Pt, PTL: 1.0–2.0 mg/cm²
US (DOE) 2022: 3.0 mg/cm²
Unit: g/kW
Reported status
EU (CH JU) 2020: 2.5 g/kW
US (DOE) 2022: 0.8 g/kW
Unit: native currency/kW
Reported status
US (DOE) 2022: USD 450/kW
These interpretation points apply across the Explorer.
Targets and reported status may differ in terms of definitions, system boundaries, operating conditions, end-of-life criteria, manufacturing or production-volume assumptions, target years, and other parameters. Values should not automatically be treated as directly comparable.
Source target years are kept as published. 'Ultimate' is not a calendar year unless specified by the source.
Values are transcribed from published authoritative sources without conversion, normalization, or inference unless specified, and reviewed by technical experts. Links are provided below to original documents and websites at the time of posting and will be updated periodically. Because external URLs may occasionally be revised or retired, archived PDFs are also provided below. GIHF does not endorse, rank, or certify targets or status. Users should always verify information through original source documentation.
GIHF Posting Date: October 2026
Source documentation publication dates range from 2022 to 2025. Consult source information below for details.
If an external link is blocked by your browser or security extensions, copy the URL into a private window or use the archived PDF below where available.
2030 targets
European Union (Clean Hydrogen Joint Undertaking) 2030 targets as published in the Clean Hydrogen Joint Undertaking Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda.
Original Source Links
Archived PDF Links
2040 targets
Japan (NEDO) 2040 targets as published by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO).
Original Source Links
Archived PDF Links
US (DOE) 2026 and Ultimate targets
US (DOE) targets as published in the Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies Office Multi-Year Program Plan; DOE Hydrogen Program Plan; US National Clean Hydrogen Strategy and Roadmap; Ultimate targets include the DOE Hydrogen Shot goal of $1/kg in a decade.
Original Source Links
Archived PDF Links
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